UNITS & FORMATIONS

Less than a week after the D-Day landings in Normandy, paratroopers of the 101st Airborne Division fought their way into the town of Carentan. On June 12th, 1944, after days of brutal combat across causeways and among hedgerows, airborne infantry entered and secured the battered town, which sat at a vital road and rail junction between Utah and Omaha Beaches.

The 1st Marine Division’s history connects Pacific amphibious campaigns, Korea, Vietnam and later expeditionary operations. Its recipient records include Marines and supporting Navy personnel whose documented unit relationships span different eras and task organizations.

The Illinois division’s wartime service led through Hawaii, New Guinea and Morotai to northern Luzon, where difficult terrain, combined operations and widely separated small-unit actions defined its contribution.

The valley offered almost no cover. Shallow folds of earth and shattered shrubs were all that shielded the Marines of 1st Battalion, 5th Marines as they tried to push forward on Okinawa Shima on May 7, 1945. Ahead of them, on a high ridge at the valley’s mouth, a Japanese machine gun hammered the slopes, stitching bullets across every patch of ground where a helmet or sleeve dared to move. The air vibrated with the clatter of automatic fire and the flat crack of rounds striking rock.

On February 13th, 1945, Allied bombers began a series of attacks on the German city of Dresden that would continue into the following days and become one of the most debated episodes of the air war in Europe. Dresden had been a cultural center with limited heavy industry compared to some other German cities, but by early 1945 it also served as a transportation hub feeding the German Eastern Front.

Two years after Guadalcanal, American forces were fighting their way back into the Philippines, determined to liberate a key Allied nation and reclaim a major strategic hub. On February 3rd, 1945, elements of the United States Sixth Army, advancing from the Lingayen Gulf landings, reached the outskirts of Manila and began pushing into the city. Filipino guerrillas and local residents helped guide units toward key objectives, including internment camps holding civilian prisoners.

Only days after Cantigny, the German army surged toward the Marne River, aiming for a breakthrough that might force France to its knees. On May 31st, 1918, elements of the American 3rd Division moved into position near the town of Château-Thierry, where bridges over the Marne became critical chokepoints.

With the Second World War over but tensions rising, leaders in Washington faced new questions about how far the United States should go in supporting other nations against pressure from powerful neighbors. On March 12th, 1947, President Truman addressed Congress to request aid for Greece and Turkey, framing the issue as a wider commitment to assist free peoples resisting subjugation.

The air over Balete Pass crackled with small-arms fire and the flat explosions of grenades. On the steep slope of Hill B, a narrow finger of ground jutting out above the zigzag road that threaded the Caraballo Mountains, five exhausted American infantrymen hugged the earth around a captured Japanese trench. It was 8 May 1945, deep in the Battle of Luzon, and Private First Class Anton L.

A story of high-tech American armor meeting Soviet-designed tanks in the desert and how it reshaped modern ground warfare.

The January sky over eastern Belgium is the color of steel, low clouds pressing down on snow-covered fields. An American armored task force eases forward along a narrow road when the world ahead of it suddenly erupts. Antitank rounds smash into the frozen earth, machine guns rake the ditches, and rifle fire lashes out from a ridgeline roughly two hundred yards in front of the column. Inside one of the lead tank destroyers, Corporal Arthur O.

Just a year later in war-time June, Union and Confederate armies were locked in the Overland Campaign, a grinding series of battles as Ulysses S. Grant tried to force Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia back toward Richmond. On June 3rd, 1864, Grant launched a massive frontal assault at Cold Harbor, where entrenched Confederate troops held strong positions behind earthworks and rifle pits.

In the summer of the Revolutionary War, British forces held a fortified outpost at Stony Point on the Hudson River, threatening American communications and morale. General George Washington approved a bold plan for a nighttime assault led by General Anthony Wayne and a specially selected light infantry corps. With unloaded muskets and fixed bayonets, Wayne’s men advanced in silence, relying on discipline and surprise to overwhelm the British defenses.

On the morning of August 6th, 1945, a B-29 bomber of the United States Army Air Forces dropped the first atomic bomb used in war over the Japanese city of Hiroshima. In seconds, a blast and firestorm devastated much of the urban area, killing tens of thousands of people outright and leaving many more injured or exposed to radiation.

Two decades later, in the highlands of South Vietnam, another attack on Americans far from home became a turning point in policy. On February 7th, 1965, Viet Cong forces struck Camp Holloway near Pleiku, a base used by United States Army aviation units and advisors. The assault involved mortar fire and ground infiltrators who damaged aircraft, facilities, and barracks, killing and wounding American personnel.

On Saipan in the Mariana Islands, July 7th, 1944 witnessed one of the largest Japanese infantry charges of the Pacific War. In a desperate attempt to break American lines, thousands of Japanese soldiers, along with wounded men and support personnel formed into improvised units, launched a massive banzai attack against positions held by United States Army troops, notably elements of the 27th Infantry Division.

A story of a jungle airstrip, thin lines of Marines and soldiers, and how local air power reshaped the Pacific war.

A story of a blood-soaked cornfield, a shallow creek, and a battle that reshaped the Union’s war.

The day after Washington accepted his new burden, militiamen outside Boston met the British army in one of the Revolution’s most famous early battles. Though remembered as the Battle of Bunker Hill, most of the fighting raged on nearby Breed’s Hill, where colonial forces hastily fortified a position overlooking the harbor. British commanders, determined to break the rebel grip on the peninsulas around Boston, launched repeated frontal assaults up the slopes in tight formations.

Before sunrise on November 20, 1917, the British attack began without the usual warning. There was no long preliminary bombardment to announce that an offensive was coming. No days of shellfire tearing the battlefield apart in advance. Instead, the opening movement at Cambrai depended on secrecy, timing, and the strange mechanical presence of hundreds of tanks moving toward the German line.

Three years later to the day, August 16th, 1780, the Continental Army suffered one of its worst defeats at Camden, South Carolina. Major General Horatio Gates led a hastily assembled army of Continentals and militia against a seasoned British force under Lord Cornwallis. Marching through swampy country on poor rations, many of Gates’s men were already in bad condition before the battle even began.

When the United States entered the First World War, many allies wondered how quickly American units could adapt to the brutal demands of the Western Front. On May 28th, 1918, the Army’s 1st Division attacked the German-held village of Cantigny in France, supported by tanks, artillery, and aircraft. The assault seized the shattered village and, more importantly, held it against persistent counterattacks and heavy shelling.

A story of a frozen fighting withdrawal and how it reshaped the war in Korea.

A story of hard lessons, desert tank duels, and a young armor force learning fast enough to change a campaign.