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Just days after the call for volunteers, a respected career officer faced his own decision. On April 20th, 1861, Colonel Robert E. Lee resigned his commission in the United States Army rather than take command against his native Virginia. Lee had served for decades in the regular army, distinguishing himself as an engineer and commander during the war with Mexico. In the tense weeks after Fort Sumter, senior leaders
Just two days after the Star of the West was fired upon, delegates in Montgomery voted on Alabama’s future in the Union. On January 11th, 1861, the state convention adopted an ordinance of secession, aligning Alabama with the already departed South Carolina and Mississippi. The decision brought another of the Deep South states into the emerging Confederate camp, tightening the ring of seceded territory along the Gulf
In a remote stretch of New Mexico desert, the United States Army’s Manhattan Engineer District prepared to test a weapon unlike any used before. In the early hours of July 16th, 1945, scientists and soldiers watched as the “Gadget,” an experimental plutonium device, detonated atop a tower at the Trinity site. The explosion produced an intense flash, a rising fireball, and a towering mushroom cloud that confirmed the
In the wake of the September 11th attacks, defense planners reexamined how the United States organized its military commands to protect the homeland.
In the aftermath of global war, American leaders restructured their armed forces to meet emerging strategic realities.
An American mission seeking diplomatic contact became a punitive naval and amphibious operation. The capture of Korean forts in June demonstrated military power without securing the agreement the expedition sought.
As the European war neared its end, American units fought their way into cities that had symbolized the enemy regime. By April 20th, 1945, elements of the United States Seventh Army had battled through the outskirts and defensive belts around Nuremberg, a city deeply associated with party rallies and racial laws. The fighting involved street-by-street advances, clearance of fortified buildings, and close coordination
In the chilly waters off the Korean coast, the lightly armed intelligence-gathering ship USS Pueblo operated under orders to monitor North Korean communications. On January 23rd, 1968, North Korean patrol craft closed in, opening fire and boarding the ship after a tense confrontation in which one American sailor was killed and others wounded. The crew attempted to destroy classified material, but much was seized alon
On November 13th, 1982, after years of debate over how to remember a difficult war, the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C., was formally dedicated.
Albert Power — Private U.S. Army Civil War Pea Ridge, Arkansas, USA
Alexander Scott — Corporal U.S. Army Civil War Monocacy, Maryland, USA
Alexander Shaler — Colonel U.S. Army Civil War Marye's Heights, Virginia, USA
Alfred Jacob Sellers — Major U.S. Army Civil War Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, USA
Alfred L. Pearson — Colonel U.S. Army Civil War Lewis' Farm, Virginia, USA
Alfred Ransbottom — First Sergeant U.S. Army Civil War Franklin, Tennessee, USA
Alonzo H. Pickle — Sergeant U.S. Army Civil War Deep Bottom, Virginia, USA
Alonzo Smith — Sergeant U.S. Army Civil War Hatcher's Run, Virginia, USA
Alvin Cullum York — Corporal U.S. Army World War I near Châtel-Chéhéry, France